Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

June 26, 2025 / By

# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

## Introduction to Sanitary Napkin Composition

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow while providing comfort and protection. The effectiveness of these products depends on carefully selected raw materials that work together to create a safe, absorbent, and comfortable experience. Understanding these components helps consumers make informed choices about their menstrual care products.

## Core Absorbent Materials

### 1. Absorbent Core Layer

The heart of any sanitary napkin is its absorbent core, typically made from:

– Fluff pulp: A wood-based material that provides excellent liquid absorption
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP): Polyacrylate compounds that can absorb many times their weight in liquid
– Combination materials: Many modern pads use a blend of fluff pulp and SAP for optimal performance

These materials work together to quickly absorb menstrual flow and lock it away from the skin’s surface.

## Top Sheet Materials

### 2. Contact Layer (Top Sheet)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. Common materials include:

– Nonwoven fabrics: Typically made from polypropylene or polyethylene fibers
– Perforated films: Plastic films with tiny holes for liquid passage
– Cotton covers: For premium products seeking a more natural feel

This layer must be soft, non-irritating, and allow quick liquid transfer to the absorbent core below.

## Back Sheet Components

### 3. Moisture Barrier (Back Sheet)

The back sheet prevents leaks and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials used include:

– Polyethylene films: The most common waterproof backing material
– Breathable microporous films: Allow some air circulation while remaining leak-proof
– Cloth-like materials: For a more fabric-like feel against clothing

## Additional Functional Components

### 4. Adhesive Systems

Sanitary napkins include several adhesive components:

– Body adhesive: Keeps the pad securely in place in underwear
– Release paper: Protects the adhesive before use
– Wing adhesives: For products with side flaps

### 5. Fragrance and Additives

Some products may include:

– Odor-control agents: Such as baking soda or activated charcoal
– Aloe vera or chamomile: For skin soothing properties
– Fragrance compounds: Though these may cause irritation for some users

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments in sanitary napkin materials include:

– Biodegradable options: Using plant-based materials instead of plastics
– Organic cotton: For users seeking natural fiber options
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes: Reducing chemical exposure

## Conclusion

The combination of these carefully selected sanitary napkin raw materials creates products that effectively manage menstrual flow while prioritizing comfort and skin health. As technology advances, we continue to see improvements in both performance and environmental sustainability in feminine hygiene products.