Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

June 25, 2025 / By

# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Introduction

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use. This article explores the key components of sanitary napkins and their respective functions.

1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

• Non-woven fabric – Soft, breathable, and comfortable against the skin
• Perforated plastic film – Provides a dry surface feel

This layer needs to be soft, hypoallergenic, and allow for quick liquid penetration while keeping the surface dry.

2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most crucial part of the sanitary napkin, responsible for fluid retention. It consists of:

• Fluff pulp – Natural wood pulp that provides bulk absorption
• Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) – Synthetic material that can absorb many times its weight in liquid

The ratio of these materials determines the absorbency level of the napkin.

3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Common materials include:

• Polyethylene film – Provides a waterproof barrier
• Breathable microporous film – Allows vapor transmission while blocking liquid

4. Adhesive Components

Several adhesive elements are used in sanitary napkins:

• Wing adhesives – Keep the wings secured to underwear
• Body adhesives – Maintain the pad’s position in the underwear
• Release paper adhesive – Temporary adhesive for the backing strip

5. Additional Features

Modern sanitary napkins may include:

• Odor control agents – Such as baking soda or activated charcoal
• Aloe vera or vitamin E – For skin comfort
• Wetness indicators – Color-changing strips

Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are exploring:

• Biodegradable materials – Like bamboo fiber or organic cotton
• Chlorine-free bleaching processes
• Reduced plastic content

Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials in sanitary napkins helps consumers choose products that meet their needs for comfort, protection, and environmental impact. As technology advances, we can expect continued innovation in materials and designs to improve feminine hygiene products.