Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

June 29, 2025 / By

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and comfort of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene (PP)
– Polyethylene (PE) perforated film
– Biodegradable materials like bamboo fiber or cotton

Properties: Soft, breathable, quick-drying, and hypoallergenic to prevent skin irritation.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of pulp and SAP

Properties: High absorbency, good retention capacity, and quick absorption rate.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene (PE) film
– Breathable microporous film
– Biodegradable options like polylactic acid (PLA)

Properties: Waterproof, breathable, and flexible for comfort during movement.

### 4. Adhesive Layer

This component keeps the pad in place on underwear:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA)
– Hot melt adhesives

Properties: Strong enough to stay in place but easy to remove without residue.

## Additional Components

### 1. Wing Materials

Wings provide extra protection and are usually made from:

– Non-woven fabric
– Elastic materials for better fit

### 2. Release Paper

Protects the adhesive before use, typically made from:

– Siliconized paper
– Plastic film

## Material Properties and Considerations

### 1. Absorbency

The combination of fluff pulp and SAP determines the pad’s absorbency. SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, making modern pads thinner yet more effective.

### 2. Breathability

Good sanitary pads allow air circulation to prevent skin irritation and discomfort. This depends on the top sheet and back sheet materials.

### 3. Softness

The top sheet must be gentle on sensitive skin. Non-woven materials are preferred for their soft texture.

### 4. Environmental Impact

Increasing demand for eco-friendly options has led to development of:

– Biodegradable top sheets
– Plant-based SAP
– Compostable back sheets

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

Manufacturers are exploring:

– Organic cotton alternatives
– Antimicrobial treatments
– Sustainable and biodegradable options
– Smart materials that change color for health monitoring

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps both consumers choose better products and manufacturers innovate for improved comfort, performance, and environmental sustainability.